برآورد فرسایش کنار رودخانه‌ای و تعیین عوامل موثر در بازه‌ پل‌الماس-گیلانده رودخانه بالخلوچای اردبیل

اسمعلی عوری, اباذر; اسحاق‌زاده, آرزو; اصغری, شکراله; مصطفی‌زاده, رئوف

doi:10.22034/hyd.2024.61311.1735

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استاد، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

² دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

³ استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

⁴ دانشیار گروه منابع طبیعی و عضو پژوهشکده مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22034/hyd.2024.61311.1735

چکیده

تعیین وسعت فرسایش کناره رودخانه‌ای خاک و نمایش آن به‌صورت نقشه در محیط GIS، در مدیریت بهینه از منابع آب و خاک موثر است. هدف تحقیق حاضر تعیین محدوده فرسایش رودخانه‌ای از روی عکس‌های هوایی، مدل‌سازی رگرسیونی و تعیین عوامل موثر بر توسعه فرسایش کنار رودخانه‌ای با استفاده از داده‌های مکانی مختلف فیزیوگرافی، هیدرولوژی، زمین‌شناسی و محیطی در بازه‌هایی از رودخانه بالخلوچای در استان اردبیل است. ابتدا پارامترهای موثر در ایجاد فرسایش کنار‌ رودخانه‌ای موجود در منطقه شامل عوامل توپوگرافی، خاک و زمین، هیدرولوژی، تغییرات کاربری محاسبه شدند. در این راستا، متغیرهای مورد مطالعه در چهار مقطع زمانی 1334 با استفاده از عکس‌های هوایی، سال 1359 با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای TM، سال‌های 1389 و 1392 با تصاویر Google Earth تهیه شد و سطح موثر فرسایش رودخانه‌ای مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. سپس با استفاده از متغیرهای مستقل (شامل عوامل توپوگرافی، هیدرولوژی، فرسایش پذیری خاک و عوامل زمینی) و سطح موثر فرسایش رودخانه‌ای به‌عنوان متغیر وابسته، تجزیه و تحلیل رگرسیونی چند متغیره در نرم‌افزار SPSS انجام و مدل‌های مناسب برآورد مقدار فرسایش کنار رودخانه‌ای مختلف به‌دست آمدند. بر اساس نتایج تحلیل رگرسیونی، پارامترهای محیط بازه، دبی اوج، مساحت تحت کشت زراعت آبی، زمان تمرکز، پوشش مرتع و مناطق مسکونی نقش مهم‌تری در تشدید فرسایش کنار رودخانه‌ای داشته اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

هیدروژئومورفولوژی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of river bank erosion and effective factors in Polealmas-Gilande reach, Balkhlochai River in Ardabil

نویسندگان [English]

Abazar Esmali Ouri ¹
Arezoo Eshaghzadeh ²
Shokrollah Asghari ³
Raoof Mostafazadeh ⁴

¹ Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and natural Resources, and Member of Water Management Research

² M.Sc in Watershed Management Sciences & Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and natural Resources University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

³ Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

⁴ Assocaite Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and natural Resources, and Member of Water Management Research Center, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

چکیده [English]

Determining the extent of riverbank erosion and displaying it as a map in a GIS environment is effective in the optimal management of water and soil resources. The aim of the current research is to delineate the riverbank erosion zone from aerial photographs, perform regression modeling, and identify factors influencing the development of riverbank erosion using various spatial data including physiographic, hydrological, geological, and environmental data in different sections of the Balikhlouchai River in Ardabil Province. Initially, influential parameters in riverbank erosion in the region, including topographic, soil and land factors, hydrology, and land use changes, were calculated. Accordingly, the variables under study were obtained for four time periods: 1955 using aerial photographs, 1980 using TM satellite images, and years 2010 and 2013 using Google Earth images, and the effective extent of riverbank erosion was compared. Subsequently, multivariate regression analysis was performed using independent variables (including topographic, hydrological, soil erodibility, and land factors) and the effective extent of riverbank erosion as the dependent variable, using SPSS software, and suitable models were developed to estimate the amount of different riverbank erosion. Based on the results of regression analysis, environmental parameters such as slope of the river reaches, peak discharge, area under irrigated agriculture, concentration time, pasture coverage, and residential areas played a more significant role in exacerbating riverbank erosion.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

River morphology
River bank erosion
Multivariate regression
Balikhlouchai River
Ardabil province

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برآورد فرسایش کنار رودخانه‌ای و تعیین عوامل موثر در بازه‌ پل‌الماس-گیلانده رودخانه بالخلوچای اردبیل

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 11، شماره 40 - شماره پیاپی 40مهر 1403صفحه 101-87

دوره 11، شماره 40 - شماره پیاپی 40
مهر 1403
صفحه 101-87