نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگر پسادکتری، گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

2 استادژئومورفولوژی دانشکده علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

یکی از انواع فرآیندهای دامنه­ای که هرساله موجب خسارات جانی و مالی فراوانی در بسیاری از نقاط ایران و جهان می­شود، پدیده زمین­لغزش است. افزایش جمعیت و گسترش سکونتگاه­های انسانی در نواحی کوهستانی، مشکل بودن زمان پیش­بینی وقوع زمین­لغزش و متعدد بودن عوامل موثر در رخداد این پدیده، ضرورت پهنه­بندی خطر زمین لغزش را آشکار می­سازد. شناسایی عوامل موثر در وقوع این پدیده و پهنه­بندی خطر آن، یکی از روش‌های اساسی و کاربردی جهت دست­یابی به راهکارهای پش­بینی، کنترل و پایش آن می­باشد. با استفاده از مطالعات میدانی، نقشه های زمین­شناسی و توپوگرافی و با مرور پژوهش­ها و مطالعات صورت گرفته در این زمینه و همچنین بررسی شرایط موجود در منطقه مورد مطالعه 9 عامل طبقات ارتفاعی، شیب، جهت شیب، زمین­شناسی، فاصله از گسل، فاصله از رودخانه، فاصله از راههای ارتباطی ،کاربری اراضی و بارش به عنوان عوامل موثر بر وقوع زمین­لغزش بررسی شد. لذا، هدف این پژوهش بررسی و تحلیل مهم­ترین عوامل دخیل در ایجاد خطر زمین­لغزش در شهرستان گرمی و مشخص کردن سطوح مستعد که احتمالاً در آینده نزدیک درگیر زمین­لغزش خواهند شد. در این پژوهش نسبت به پهنه بندی مناطق مستعد با الگوریتم  چند معیاره Aras درمحیط نرم افزار  Edrisiاقدام گردید و با توجه به نتایج حاصل از پهنه­بندی خطر زمین­لغزش؛ معیارهای کاربری اراضی، شیب، زمین­شناسی به ترتیب با ضریب وزنی 187/0، 152/0، 152/0 و 142/0، مهم ترین عوامل دخیل در ایجاد خطرزمین­لغزش محدوده مطالعاتی بوده و به ترتیب 99/361 و 32/450 کیلومتر مربع از محدوده دارای احتمال خطر بسیارزیاد و زیاد می باشد. در نهایت می توان گفت مهم­ترین عامل اصلی دخیل در افزایش مقدار و پتانسیل زمین­لغزش در شهرستان گرمی، تغییر کاربری­اراضی و افزایش زمین­های کشاورزی و چراگاه­های دامی می­باشد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and zoning of landslide prone areas in Germi city

نویسندگان [English]

  • leila aghayary 1
  • sayyad Asghari Saraskanrood 2
  • Batool Zeynali 2

1 . Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Physical Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

2 Professor of Geomorphology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil.

چکیده [English]

 Text Landslides are one of the types of large-scale processes that cause many human and financial losses in many parts of Iran and the world every year. The increase in population and the expansion of human settlements in mountainous areas, the difficulty of predicting the occurrence of landslides and the numerous factors influencing the occurrence of this phenomenon, reveal the necessity of landslide risk zoning. Identifying the effective factors in the occurrence of this phenomenon and its risk zoning is one of the basic and practical methods to achieve its forecasting, control and monitoring solutions. By using field studies, geological and topographical maps, and by reviewing the researches and studies done in this field, as well as examining the existing conditions in the studied area, 9 factors of elevation, slope, slope direction, lithology, distance from the fault. , the distance from the river, the distance from the communication roads, land use and rainfall were investigated as factors affecting the occurrence of landslides. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the most important factors involved in creating the risk of landslides in Garami city and to identify the prone areas that will probably be involved in landslides in the near future. In this research, the zoning of prone areas was done with the Aras multi-criteria algorithm in the Edrisi software environment, and according to the results of landslide risk zoning; The criteria of land use, slope, and lithology are the most important factors involved in creating the risk of landslides in the study area with weight coefficients of 0.187, 0.152, 0.152, and 0.142, respectively, and are 361.99 and 450.32, respectively. A square kilometer of the area has a very high probability of danger. Finally, it can be said that the most important factor involved in increasing the amount and potential of landslides in Germi city is the change of land use and the increase of agricultural land and livestock pastures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Landslide
  • zoning
  • ARAS
  • Germi city
  • Northwestern Iran
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