نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران

2 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم زمین.، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 استادگروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم زمین.، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بی‌توجهی نسبت به فرسایش ساحلی موجب وقوع مخاطره می‌شود. این مخاطره به‌طور مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بر جوامع انسانی و تأسیسات ساحلی تأثیرگذار است. پژوهش‌های دیرینه‌شناسی مؤید افت‌وخیز تراز آبی دریای خزر در قالب ارقام متفاوتی تا چند ده متر است. سواحل دریای خزر دارای توپوگرافی و کاربری اراضی متفاوتی ازجمله اراضی پست مرتبط با مصب رودخانه‌ها، خورها و یا پیشرفتگی‌های آب دریا در خشکی و سواحل نسبتاً بلندتر ماسه‌ای و شنی است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از تحلیل زمانی – مکانی تغییرات کاربری اراضی در طول 45 سال به تحلیل تغییرات ساحل ماسه‌ای و انطباق آن در ساحل موردمطالعه در قالب سلول‌های ساحلی پرداخته‌شده است. برای این منظور با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای SAGA و ENVI داده‌های کاربری اراضی سال‌های 1975 و 2020 و سپس با نرم‌افزار IDRISI تغییرات کاربری اراضی استخراج شدند. نتیجه پژوهش حاکی از آن است که 9 /68 کیلومتر از بازه ساحلی موردمطالعه، سواحل ناپایداری بوده‌اند که بیشترین نواحی ساحلی فرسایش از نوع انسانی (تغییرات کاربری اراضی) داشته‌اند، که شامل سلول‌های 10 و 3 می‌باشند. همچنین فرسایش سلول‌های ناپایدار 5، 6 و 1 از نوع فرسایش طبیعی (تغییرات ائوستاتیک دریا) و فرسایش سلول‌های ناپایدار 9 و 2 از نوع فرسایش طبیعی – انسانی می‌باشند. 24 کیلومتر باقیمانده بازه ساحلی موردمطالعه، سواحل پایداری بوده‌اند. در این میان، بیشترین بخش‌های ساحلی، فرسایش از نوع طبیعی (تغییرات ائوستاتیک دریا) داشته‌اند. این بخش‌ها عمدتاً دو سلول 7 و 8 را دربر می‌گیرند. همین‌طور سلول 4 نیز در گروه سواحل پایدار با فرسایش از نوع طبیعی – انسانی قرار می‌گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the relationship between changes in the coastline and land use within coastal cells, case study: Talsh to Anzali

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahnaz Alizadeh 1
  • Mojtaba Yamani 2
  • Mohammad Reza sarvati 3
  • Manijeh Ghahroudi Tali 4

1 Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 - Professor, Department of Natural Geography, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Neglecting coastal erosion can lead to environmental hazards that are among the main factors affecting human communities and facilities. Paleontology researches demonstrate tens of meters fluctuation in water level of the Caspian Sea. The shores of the Caspian Sea have variable topography and land use including lowlands (estuaries of rivers, gulfs and progradation) and sandy uplands. In this study, spatiotemporal analysis was used to analyze the changes in sandy coasts in relation to land use changes and the adaptation of the coastal line in the study area within the framework of coastal cells. Land use data for the years 1975 and 2020 were extracted using SAGA and ENVI software, and land use changes were analyzed using IDRISI software. The results showed that 68 kilometers of the coast have been unstable, with the majority of these areas experiencing erosion due to human activities (land use changes), including cells 10 and 3. Also, the erosion of unstable cells 5, 6, and 1 is of natural erosion type (sea level changes), and the erosion of unstable cells 9 and 2 is of natural-human erosion type. The remaining 24 kilometers of the studied coastline have been stable coasts, with the majority of coastal areas experiencing natural erosion (sea level changes), including cells 7 and 8. Cell 4 has had sustainable coasts with erosion of a natural-human type.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Coastal Sustainability
  • Coastal Cell
  • managed relocation
  • the west bank of the Caspian Sea
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