شناسایی و استخراج لندفرم ها و کاربری های اراضی حوضه آبریزقرنقو با استفاده از تکنیک های شی گرا

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، رشته سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

3 دانشجوی دکتری رشته ژئومورفولوژی، گروه جغرافیای طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

شناخت لندفرم‌ها و نحوه پراکنش آنها از نیازهای اساسی در علم ژئومورفولوژی کاربردی و سایر علوم محیطی است و نقشه لندفرم‌ها نمایانگر اشکال سطح زمین و نیز ماهیت فرآیندهایی است که در زمان حاضر رخ می‌دهند. هدف از این تحقیق، شناسایی لندفرم‌ها و کاربری‌های اراضی حوضه آبریز قرنقو با استفاده از روش‌های طبقه‌بندی شی‌گرا شامل الگوریتم نزدیکترین همسایه و آستانه‌گذاری می‌باشد. بدین منظور از تصاویر ماهواره لندست برای بازه زمانی 1990 (TM) و 2020 (OLI) استفاده شد. برای اعمال طبقه‌بندی در گام نخست تصحیحات اتمسفری و رادیومتریکی بر روی تصاویر اعمال شد و سپس به منظور شناسایی و استخراج بهتر پدیده‌ها از الگوریتم‌های PCA و MNF استفاده شد. برای انجام طبقه‌بندی تصاویر ماهواره‌ای نیز از روش‌های طبقه‌بندی شی‌گرا شامل روش نزدیکترین همسایه و آستانه‌گذاری بهره گرفته شد. برای صحت نقشه‌های تولید شده با استفاده از ضریب کاپا و صحت کلی استفاده گردید. نتایج ارزیابی روش‌های مورد استفاده نشان داد که روش نزدیکترین همسایه دارای دقت بیشتری نسبت به روش آستانه‌گذاری می‌باشد. همچنین نتایج حاصل از طبقه‌بندی نشان داد که بیشترین میزان تغییرات کاهشی در خلال سال‌های 1990-2020 مربوط به کاربری مرتع متراکم می‌باشد، چرا که 49/12 درصد کاهش داشته است و بیشترین میزان تغییرات افزایشی مربوط به کاربری زراعت آبی می‌باشد که 83/10 درصد افزایش داشته است که مهمترین علت این افزایش مساحت را می‌توان به احداث سد سهند در طول زمان ارتباط داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and extraction of landforms and land uses of Qarnaqo watershed using object-oriented techniques

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sayyad Asghari Saraskanrood 1
  • Mostafa Omidifar 2
  • Ehsan Ghale 3
1 -Associate Professor, Department of Physical Geography, Mohaghegh Ardabili University
2 MSc. Student of Remote Sensing and GIS, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
3 Department of physical geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
چکیده [English]

Identification of landforms and the way of their distribution is one of the basic needs in applied geomorphology and other environmental sciences and landform maps show the shapes of the earth's surface. This project aims to identify the landforms of the Qaranqu catchment area using object-oriented classification methods including nearest neighbor algorithm and thresholding. Landsat satellite imagery for 1990 (TM) and 2020 (OLI) was used for this purpose. First, to apply the classification, atmospheric and radiometric corrections were applied to the images, then to better identify and extract the phenomena, principal component analysis (PCA), and MNF algorithms were used to classify satellite images using classification methods. Object-oriented, which included the nearest neighbor method and thresholding was used. For the accuracy of the maps produced using the two methods of Kappa index and the overall accuracy of the use, the results revealed that the nearest neighbor method is more accurate than the thresholding method. The classification results showed that the highest rate of decreasing changes during 1990-2020 is related to dense rangeland because it has decreased by 12.49 percent and the highest rate of incremental changes is related to irrigate agriculture which is 10.83 percent. The most important reason for this increase is the construction of Sahand Dam over time. In the absence of well-organized planning and the adoption of appropriate policies, the destruction of rangeland will continue and turning it into arable land, which leads to irreparable environmental and economic losses in the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geomorphology
  • Object Classification
  • Landform
  • Qaranqu Watershed
  • Northwest of Iran

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 آذر 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 دی 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 دی 1399

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