نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مخاطرات ژئومورفولوژیک، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 دانشیارگروه جغرافیا، دانشکدۀ ادبیات، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

برداشت بی‌رویه از سفره‌های آب زیرزمینی در کشور سبب افت شدید سطح ایستابی آبخوان و از بین رفتن لایه‌های آبدار زمین گردیده است. در این پژوهش به منظور بررسی وضعیت تراز آب زیرزمینی آبخوان مرودشت- خرامه، واقع در استان فارس در رابطه با برداشت بی‌رویه‌ی آب‌های زیرزمینی از داده‌های 81 حلقه چاه پیزومتری در بازه‌ی زمانی (2008- 2018) با استفاده از مدل Modflow شبیه‌سازی انجام گرفت. هم‌چنین نتایج حاصل از محاسبه‌ی بیلان آبی تعداد7500 حلقه چاه بهره‌برداری در حوضه حاکی از آن است که میزان 1100 میلیون مترمکعب آب از ذخیره‌ی ثابت آبخوان در بازه‌ی 10 ساله کاسته شده است. با توجه به نقشه‌های درون‌یابی تهیه شده بیشترین میزان افت آب زیرزمینی مربوط به مناطق درودزن، رامجرد و شول اتفاق افتاده است. از این رو با آمار سازمان آب منطقه‌ای فارس مبنی بر وجود چاه‌هایی با آبدهی بالا در این مناطق هماهنگی دارد. با استناد به نقشه‌های تهیه شده از آبخوان مرودشت با توجه به آبرفتی بودن سفره‌ی آب زیرزمینی اثر افت سطح آب را می‌توان با فاصله مکانی کم مشاهده کرد. از سوی دیگر در نقشه‌های میان‌یابی ضریب پارامتر هدایت هیدرولیکی بیان‌کننده‌ی این است که میزان افت تراز آبخوان در مناطق شمال‌غرب، مرکز و جنوب شرق حوضه دارای بیشترین مقدار می‌باشد که با 11درصد خطای نسبی مؤید مدل‌سازی مناسب است. در نهایت با انجام دو سناریوی کاهش 10 و 30 درصدی، میزان تغییرات آب زیرزمینی در طی سال‌های 2018- 2028 پیش بینی شد و نتایج نشان داد که در سناریوی اول بیشترین میزان افت با 83/24 متر و کمترین افت نیز به میزان 184/2 متر است. در سناریوی دوم نیز افت به میزان 523/4 متر کاهش یافته و سطح ایستابی به 30/20 متر رسیده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Simulation of Marvdasht groundwater level and investigation of forecast scenarios using MODFLOW mathematical code

نویسندگان [English]

  • azam Heydari 1
  • Iraj Jabbari 2

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Geomorphology, faculty Literature and Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

چکیده [English]

Irregular abstraction of groundwater aquifers in the country has caused a sharp decline in the aquifer water level and the destruction of aquatic aquifers. In this study, in order to investigate the groundwater level of Marvdasht-Kharameh aquifer, located in Fars province, in relation to the uncontrolled abstraction of groundwater from the data of 81 piezometric wells in the period (2018-2018), the Modflow model was simulated. Also, the results of calculating the water balance of 7,500 wells in the basin indicate that the amount of 1100 million cubic meters of water from the aquifer constant storage has been reduced over a period of 10 years. According to the prepared interpolation maps, the highest rate of groundwater loss has occurred in Dorodzan, Ramjerd and Shool areas. Therefore, it is in line with the statistics of the Fars Regional Water Organization that there are wells with high discharge in these areas. According to the maps prepared from Marvdasht aquifer, due to the alluvial nature of the groundwater aquifer, the effect of water level drop can be observed from a short distance. On the other hand, in the intermediate maps, the coefficient of hydraulic conductivity parameter indicates that the rate of aquifer drop in the northwest, center and southeast of the basin has the highest value, which is appropriate with 11% relative error confirms modeling. Finally, by performing two scenarios of 10 and 30% reduction,

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aquifer balance
  • management scenarios
  • groundwater level
  • Modflow model
  • Marvdasht basin - Kharameh
 
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