مدل سازی فرسایش خاک برای ازیابی طول شیب مناسب در مناطق مستعد خطر

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گرو ه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگا ه پیام نور، تهران،ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زمین شناسی، دانشگاه پیام تهران،ایران

3 3- کارشناس دفتر امور روستایی وشوراهای استانداری اصفهان

10.22034/hyd.2026.70342.1825

چکیده

فرسایش خاک یکی ازمهم ترین چالش‌های ‌ زیست محیطی است که مستقیم بر پایداری سرزمین تاثیر می گذارد. در میان مدل های تجربی مختلف، معادله جهانی اصلاح شده فرسایش خاک (RUSLE ) به عنوان یکی از معتبرترین ابزارها برای برآورد میانگین بلند مدت کمی میزان فرسایش به کار می‌رود. دقت خروجی های این مدل به کیفیت و تفکیک مکانی مدل رقومی ارتفاع (DEM)، به ویژه در محاسبه عامل طول و شیب و دامنه (LS)، وابستگی زیادی دارد. این تحقیق با بهره گیری از رویکردهای زمین آماری و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS)، مناسب ترین اندازه سلول DEM برای برآورد عامل LS در مدل سازی فرسایش خاک تعیین شد. چهار DEM با اندازه های 30، 50، 100 و 300 متر تولید و با استفاده از تحلیل نیم واریوگرام و کریجینگ، وابستگی مکانی و دقت پیش بینی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. تا تاثیراندازه سلول بر تنوع پذیری داده ها و دقت پیش بینی عامل LS بررسی شود.

نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش اندازه سلول تا 50 متر، اثر ناگت کاهش یافته و وابستگی فضایی داده ها افزایش می یابد، در حالی که با افزایش بیشتر اندازه سلول، میزان تنوع مکانی و دقت مدل کاهش می یابد. بر اساس مقایسه پارامترهای زمین آماری DEM ، با اندازه سلول 50 متر مناسب ترین تفکیک مکانی برای محاسبه عامل LS در منطقه مورد مطالعه تشخیص داده شد. یافته های این پژوهش می تواند به عنوان مبنایی برای انتخاب بهینه تفکیک مکانی DEM در مطالعات فرسایش خاک و تحلیل های هیدرولوژیکی مشابه مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling soil erosin to assess suitable slope length in hazard-prone areas

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad almasinia 1
  • Hasan Alizadeh 2
  • Sharyar Mamzaie 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assossiated Profsor Department of Geology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Expert of rural affairs office and provincial councils of Isfahan
چکیده [English]

Soil erosion is a major environmental hazard in regions characterized by complex topography and intense rainfall, posing serious threats to land sustainability, agricultural productivity, and hydrological systems. Among empirical erosion models, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) is widely used due to its reliability and compatibility with GIS-based spatial analysis. A critical parameter in RUSLE is the topographic factor (LS), which is highly sensitive to the spatial resolution of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Inappropriate selection of DEM cell size can introduce substantial uncertainty into erosion estimates. This study aims to determine the optimal DEM resolution for accurate LS factor estimation in hazard-prone areas by integrating geostatistical techniques with GIS modeling. DEMs with spatial resolutions of 30, 50, 100, and 300 m were generated from topographic contour data and evaluated using semivariogram analysis and kriging interpolation. Geostatistical parameters including nugget, sill, range, and prediction error (RMSE) were systematically compared. The results indicate that a 50 m DEM provides the most balanced performance by preserving essential topographic variability while minimizing spatial noise and prediction error. The findings emphasize that DEM resolution should be selected based on statistical and spatial dependency analysis rather than arbitrary criteria. The proposed framework enhances the reliability of soil erosion assessment and provides valuable guidance for watershed management and hazard mitigation in erosion-prone landscapes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil erosion؛ DEM resolution؛ LS factor؛ Geostatistics؛ GIS
  • Nibong Tebal
  • Malaysia
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