نقش ویژگیهای لیتولوژیکی،ژئوشیمیایی و هیدروشیمیایی بر فرایند کارست زایی مطالعه موردی : حوضه آبریز کلات،شمال شرق ایران

نوع مقاله : کاربردی

نویسندگان

1 استادیارگروه آموزش جغرافیا،دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران

2 دکترای ژئومورفولوژی و مدیریت محیط، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

اهدف از این پژوهش اهمیت نقش ویژگیهای لیتولوژیکی،ژئوشیمیایی و هیدروشیمیایی بر فرایند کارست زایی در حوضه آبریز کلات در شمال شرق ایران می باشد. روش تحقیق متکی بر تکنیکهای آزمایشگاهی و میدانی می باشد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد در ارتباط با ویژگیهای لیتولوژیکی، میزان ناخالصی در سنگ آهک بسیار حائز اهمیت می باشد. زیرا هرچه میزان ناخالصی در این سنگها بیشتر باشد فرایند کارست زایی کمتر است و بالعکس. همچنین در سازندهای کارستی تیرگان و مزدوران که آهکها به صورت توده ای و ضخیم لایه می باشند اشکال کارست قابل توجه مانند کانیونها، تنگها و کریدور کارستی شکل میگیرد و در سازند کارستی چمن بید که لایه ای می باشد اشکال کارست قابل توجهی شکل نمی گیرد و فقط کارنها شکل میگیرد. در آزمایش کلسیمتری در سازندهای آهکی حوضه کلات نشان داد که میانگین درصد کلسیت در این سازندها 39درصد می باشد که نشان از خلوص متوسط آهک در سازندهای حوضه می باشد. آزمایش آی سی پی در سازندهای کارستی حوضه نشان داد که میزان درصد کلسیم در چهار سازند آهکی کلات، مزدوران، تیرگان و چمن بید 38درصد می باشد. در روش وزنی، میانگین کلسیت موجود در چهار سازند عدد56.3 درصد را نشان می دهد. کیفیت آبهای سطحی و زیرزمینی در حوضه آنالیز شد و نشان داد که ارتباط معکوسی بین آبها در مناطق کارستی و هدایت الکتریکی وجود دارد که نشان دهنده استعداد کارست زایی در حوضه آبریز کلات دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

the role of lithological, geochemical and hydrochemical characteristics on the karstification process. Case study: Kalat watershed, northeastern Iran.

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohsen rezaei 1
  • mansor sadeghi 2
1 َAsistnt ProfessorDepartment of Geography Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD in Geomorphology and Environmental Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this research is to determine the importance of the role of lithological, geochemical and hydrochemical features on the karstification process in the Kalat basin in northeastern Iran. The research method is based on laboratory and field techniques. The results of the research showed that in relation to lithological features, the amount of impurities in limestone is very important. Because the higher the amount of impurities in these rocks, the lower the karstification process and vice versa. Also, in the Tirgan and Mozduran karst formations, where the lime is in the form of massive and thick layers, significant karst forms such as canyons, ravines and karst corridors are formed, and in the Chamanbid karst formation, which is layered, significant karst forms are not formed, and only karsts are formed. In a calcimetric test in the limestone formations of the Kalat basin, it was shown that the average percentage of calcite in these formations is 39%, which indicates the average purity of lime in the basin formations. ICP testing in the karst formations of the basin showed that the percentage of calcium in the four limestone formations of Kalat, Mazdooran, Tirgan and Chamanbid is 38%. In the gravimetric method, the average calcite in the four formations shows 56.3%. The quality of surface and groundwater in the basin was analyzed and showed that there is an inverse relationship between the waters in karst areas and electrical conductivity, which indicates the potential for karstification in the Kalat catchment area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lime purity
  • karstification
  • Chelat watershed
  • calcimetric test
  • ICP test
  • watershed
  • Northeast Iran

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 شهریور 1404

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