نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه منابع طبیعی و عضو پژوهشکده مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

وقوع دوره‌های کم‌آبی و پرآبی در حوضه‌ها جزئی از رژیم رودخانه است. وقوع تغییرات جریان رودخانه و تشدید آن در سال‌های اخیر بر تولید و بهره‌برداری از جریان رودخانه‌ها و مدیریت آب تاثیر گذاشته است و مطالعه آن دارای اهمیت است. ارزیابی ویژگی‌های مختلف رژیم جریان رودخانه‌های طبیعی از مواردی است که می‌تواند در شناخت تغییرات آبدهی جریان رودخانه در اثر تغییر مولفه‌های اقلیمی و مدیریت آن در شرایط خشکسالی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. شناخت و ارزیابی رژیم جریان یک رودخانه را می‌توان بر حسب شاخص‌های مختلف قابل توصیف است. در پژوهش حاضر، تغییرات شاخص‌های جریان پرآبی و کم‌آبی در حوضه بیطاس از زیرحوضه‌های مهابادچای با جریان طبیعی در بالادست سد مهاباد در بازه زمانی 1963 الی 2020 ارزیابی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد شاخص Number Spell در دوره پرآبی برابر 144 و در دوره کم‌آبی 253 است. شاخص Single Longest در دوره کم‌آبی 1635 و برای پرآبی 163 است. شاخص‌های میانگین دبی‌های پیک و میانگین مدت زمان میانگین اوج برای دوره‌های پرآبی 22/6 و برای دوره‌های کم‌آبی برابر 33/0 است. هم‌چنین میانگین مدت برای پرآبی 29/6 و برای کم‌آبی 82/54 است. هم‌چنین، بر اساس نتایج، شاخص کل مدت زمان پرآبی‌ها در دامنه 3 تا 163 نوسان داشته و شاخص کل مدت زمان کم‌آبی برابر عدد 241 است. یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر می‌تواند در درک تغییرات رژیم جریان طبیعی، تغییرات زمان و تعداد رویدادهای کم‌آبی و پرآبی و در نتیجه مدیریت بهینه دبی ورودی به سد مهاباد مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of changes in high and low flow indices of a naturally flow regime (Case study: Bitas watershed, upstream of Mahabadchai river)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leyla Babaie 1
  • Hirad Abghari 2
  • Raoof Mostafazadeh 3

1 Ph.D student, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Rangeland and Watershed Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Natural Resources Department and member of Water Management Research Institute, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil,

چکیده [English]

The occurrence of low flow and high flow periods in watersheds is a part of a river's regime. In recent years, changes in river flow and its intensification have impacted the production and utilization of river flows as well as water management, making it an important area of study. Evaluating various characteristics of the flow regime of natural rivers can help understand how river discharge changes due to climatic. In this study, changes in high flow and low flow indices at the Bitas watershed, Mahabad-chai, which monitors a naturally flowing river upstream of Mahabad Dam, were assessed for the period from 1963 to 2020. The results indicated that the Number Spell index was 144 during high flow periods and 253 during low flow periods. The Single Longest index was 1,635 for low flow periods and 163 for high flow periods. The average peak flow and average duration of peak flow indices for high flow periods were 22.6, and for low flow periods, they were 0.33. Additionally, the mean duration was 29.6 for high flow and 54.82 for low flow. According to the results, the total duration index for high flow periods fluctuated between 3 and 163, while the total duration index for low flow was 241. The findings of this study can be used to better understand changes in the natural flow regime, variations in the timing and frequency of low and high flow events, and ultimately to optimize the management of inflow to Mahabad Dam.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • River flow regime
  • Natural variability
  • Hydrologic indices
  • River flow analysis
  • Mahabad dam basin
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