نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آب و هواشناسی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

2 استاد گروه آب و هواشناسی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز ، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه آب و هواشناسی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز ، ایران.

4 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران

چکیده

رودخانه‌های جوّی در ادبیات آب و هواشناسی جهانی مسیرهایی باریک و طویل از انتقال قوی بخارآب به سوی قطب در عرض های میانه تعریف شده اند که عموماً با جریان‌های جت سطح پایین در رأس جبهه‌ی سرد سیکلون‌های برون حاره مرتبط می‌باشند. برای شناسایی منشاء رودخانه های جوی ورودی به منطقه مورد مطالعه، ابتدا سامانه های بارشی که در بیش از نیمی از ایستگاه های منطقه رخ داده بودند، انتخاب گردیدند. با استفاده از داده های جریان قائم بخارآب شرق سو و شمال سو با تفکیک مکانی ۵/×۵/۰ درجه قوسی، بزرگی جریان قائم بخار آب محاسبه شد. برای محاسبه بزرگی جریان از داده های جریان قائم بخارآب شامل نم ویژه و وزش های مداری و نصف النهاری از تراز ۱۰۰۰ تا ۳۰۰ هکتوپاسکالی استفاده شده است. بررسی نشان داد که این رودخانه ها از چهار منشاء رطوبتی وارد شمال غرب و غرب ایران شده اند. منشاء دریاهای گرم جنوبی (الگوی کم فشار سودان – دریای سرخ)، منشاء منطقه همگرایی حاره ای، منشا ترکیبی کم فشار سودان و چرخند مدیترانه و منشاء دریای مدیترانه. از این میان، منشاء دریاهای گرم عرب و عمان و دریای سرخ بیشترین سهم را در رودخانه های ورودی به منطقه داشته اند. این رودخانه های جوی هم از لحاظ تداوم زمانی و هم از لحاظ مقدار جریان رطوبتی، قوی ترین رودخانه ها بوده اند. این رودخانه ها ابتدا وارد جنوب غرب ایران شده و در ادامه وارد منطقه مطالعاتی می شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Finding the origin and synoptic analysis of atmospheric rivers leading to precipitation in the western and northwestern regions of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • vahideh abtahi 1
  • saeed jahanbakhsh 2
  • Hashem Rostamzadeh 3
  • hasan lashkari 4

1 Ph.D. student Climatology, Faculty of Geographical Sciences. Tabriz, Iran

2 . Professor of Climatology, Faculty of Geographical Sciences. Tabriz, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Climatology, University of Tabriz, Iran.

4 Professor, Department of Physical Geography, School of Earth Science, The University of Shahid Beheshti (SBU), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

In global meteorological literature, atmospheric rivers are defined as long and narrow pathways of intense water vapor transport towards the polar regions in the middle latitudes, typically associated with low-level jet streams along the leading edge of extratropical cyclones. In this study, to identify the origins of the incoming atmospheric rivers to the study area, precipitation systems that occurred at more than half of the region's stations were selected. Then, using vertically integrated water vapor flux data from the east and north of the study area with a spatial resolution of 0.5 x 0.5 degrees, the magnitude of the water vapor flux was calculated. To calculate the magnitude of the flux, data including specific humidity and meridional and zonal winds at pressure levels from 1000 to 300 hPa were used. showed that these rivers have entered northwest and west of Iran from four moisture sources. The sources are the warm southern seas (the Sudan - Red Sea low-pressure pattern), the convergence zone region, the combined source of the Sudan low-pressure system and the Mediterranean circulation, and the Mediterranean Sea. Among these sources, the warm seas of Arabia and Oman and the Red Sea had the largest share in the incoming rivers to the region. These atmospheric rivers have been the strongest in terms of both temporal continuity and moisture flux. They first enter southwest Iran and then into the study area. The atmospheric rivers with the convergence zone source rank second in terms of their contribution to the region's precipitation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • atmospheric rivers
  • convergence zone
  • origins of atmospheric rivers
  • northwest and west of Iran
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