نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری ژئومورفولوژی، گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
2 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
3 دانشیار گروه آموزشی منابع طبیعی و عضو پژوهشکده مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
چکیده
رودخانه‌ها دارای اهمیت بسیار بالا از نظر استفاده‌های انسانی و کارکردهای اکولوژیک هستند. در تحیق حاضر مولفه‌های جریان محیط زیستی رودخانه خیاوچای در دوره‌های متوالی 5 ساله تعیین شده است. در این راستا تغییرات مولفه‌های جریان محیط زیستی رودخانه خیاوچای با استفاده از نرم‌افزار IHA مشخص شد. بر اساس نتایج، مقادیر جریانهای کمینه در دوره اول (1367 تا 1396) بالا بوده است ولی در دوره اخیر (1391 تا 1398) کاهش پیدا کرده است. هم‌چنین کاهش مقادیر دبی شاخص‌های جریانهای حداکثر و افزایش تعداد روزهای دبی صفر به تعداد 174 روز نیز ناشی از کاهش آبدهی رودخانه بوده است. مقدار مولفه‌های نرخ اوج‌گیری و نرخ فروکش در دوره‌های اخیر افزایش پیدا کرده است. مقادیر شاخص‌های تداوم جریان کمینه، و فراوانی جریان کمینه در رودخانه خیاوچای افزایش داشته است. بر اساس تغییر مقادیر شاخص پراکندگی جریان، وقوع جریانهای شدید و یا بسیار کم در رودخانه به‌دلیل کاهش جریانهای کمینه و افزایش دبی‌های سیلابی تشدید شده است. بدر دوره‌های ابتدایی رژیم جریان رودخانه طبیعی بوده و در ایام سال با دبی بالاتر از 01/0 مترمکعب درثانیه جریان داشته است، درحالی‌که، در دوره 7 ساله اخیر کاهش پیدا کرده و به میزان 001/0 مترمکعب درثانیه رسیده است. براساس تغییرات تداوم جریان در دوره‌های اخیر تداوم رودخانه به 50 الی 60 درصد ایام سال با دبی بسیار کم تغییر پیدا نموده است. در مجموع می‌توان گفت که تغییر مولفه‌های محیط زیستی جریان در راستای کاهش دبی و افزایش روزهایی با دبی صفر بوده است که می‌تواند ناشی از کاهش بارندگی و وقوع خشکسالی‌ها باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigating changes in the hydrological flow regime and the environmental flow component of EFCs in Khiauchai River in a 30-year period
نویسندگان [English]
- hasan Setayeshi Nasaz 1
- sayyad Asghari Saraskanrood 2
- Raoof Mostafazadeh 3
- Aghil Madadi 2
1 .D Student in Geomorphology, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Social Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Social Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Watershed Management and Member of Water Management Research Institute, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]
Rivers are very important in terms of human uses and ecological functions. In the present research, the environmental flow components of the Khiavchai River have been determined. Therefore, changes in the EFCs were determined using IHA software. According to the results, the values of low flows were high in the first period (1988 to 2017), but decreased in recent periods. Also, the decrease in the discharge values of the maximum flow indicators and the increase in the number of days with zero discharge to the number of 174 days were also caused by the change of the river regime. The amount of peak rate and decline rate components has increased in recent periods. The values of low flow duration indicators and low flow frequency have increased. Based on the change of flow dispersion index, the occurrence of strong or very low flows in the river has been intensified. According to the FDCs, in the early periods of the river flow regime, river flow was higher than 0.01cms during the year, while in recent periods it has decreased to less than 0.001cms. Based on the changes in the duration of the flow in recent periods, the duration of the river has changed to 50-60% of the days of the year with a very low discharge. Overuse of river flow changes in the flow regime, and successive droughts have increased the severity of the change in the flow regime and the deviation of the river conditions from the normal state.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Flow Duration curve
- Flow regime change
- Minimum flows
- Flow rate
- Threshold change. Northwest Iran
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