نوع مقاله : کاربردی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مخاطرات ژئومورفولوژیک، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، شهر تبریز، ایران

2 استاداستاد گروه ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، شهر تبریز، ایران

3 استاد گروه ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، شهر تبریز، ایران

چکیده

مخروط‌افکنه‌ها به واسطه ویژگی‌های ژئومورفولوژیکی جزء محدوده با خطر سیلاب محسوب می‌شوند و فعالیت‌های انسانی در این محدوده‌ها عاملی بر تشدید ناپایداری جریانها است. در این پژوهش با روش کاربردی - تجربی به بررسی و جانمایی فعالیت‌های انسانی در فضای جغرافیایی پردیسان در محدوده سیلاب پرداختیم. جهت رسیدن به این هدف از مدل هیدرولیکی HEC-RAS-6 بعنوان ابزار کار و از تصاویر میدانی و ماهواره‌ای، گزارش‌ها، نقشه‌های کاربری اراضی و توپوگرافی بعنوان مواد در این پژوهش استفاده شده است. با جانمایی پدیده‌ها و اجرای مدل با دوره بازگشت 100 ساله مشخص گردید؛ حوضه‌های 15p و 14p و 9p، 7p، 2p بیشترین حجم جریان را وارد منطقه می‌کنندکه نیاز به توجه بیشتری در مباحث توسعه شهری دارد. سیلاب در محدوده خطوط ریلی و ارتباطی، بخش شرقی کانال اصلی و همچنین زمین‌های کشاورزی دارای نرخ آسیب‌پذیری بالایی است. همچنین تعبیه خاکریزها بعنوان محدود اقداماتی است که اثر مثبتی در کنترل سیلاب در منطقه داشته است. در بحث تعبیه سازه‌هایی مثل پل‌ها، شرایط با جریان سیلاب100 ساله مطابقت دارد و در برخی سازه‌ها مثل کانال اصلی به سبب عدم مطابقت حجم سیلاب با ابعاد کانال، قابلیت عبور کل جریان را نداشته و از حاشیه شرقی خود طغیان می‌کند. علاوه بر این مسیر انتخابی کانال نیز بدرستی انتخاب نشده است. همچنین اکثر بندهای احداثی در بالادست پردیسان بخاطر شرایط زمین‌شناسی و حجم سیلاب، انباشته از مواد آواری و در واقع فاقد عملکرد مناسب است. در مجموع علیرغم تازه تأسیس بودن شهرک پردیسان، طراحی شهری و متعاقب آن مطالعه و اصلاح مسیر با ویژگی‌های جغرافیایی منطقه همخوانی نداشته و چشم‌انداز ناپایداری بر فضای جغرافیایی محدوده حاکم گردیده است. جهت توسعه آتی شهر پیشنهاد می‌شود اصلاح و نظارت مسیر سیلاب در بالادست جهت حفظ پایداری محیطی صورت گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Location of human phenomena in geographical space in the flood zone (case study of Pardisan region of Qom)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfazl Faraji mondared 1
  • shahram roostaei 2
  • Davoud Mokhtari 3

1 PhD Student of Geomorphology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University ,Tabriz, Iran

2 Professor of Geomorphology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

3 Professor of Geomorphology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Due to their geomorphological characteristics, alluvial fans are part of the high flood risk area. Placement of human phenomena in flood zones is a factor that intensifies the instability of currents. For this purpose, in this research, we applied the location of human phenomena in the geographical space of Pardisan in the flood zone with an applied-experimental method. To achieve this goal, the HEC-RAS-6 hydraulic model has been used as a working tool. Due to the size of the area, the area was divided into 15 sub-basins. First, the sub-layers of rivers and floodplain network were extracted, then human phenomena in the studied space were extracted and located on the RAS background map. Then the measured data and values ​​were considered and implemented in the model. By locating the phenomena and considering the conditions of the alluvial fan flood, it was determined that the 100-year-old flood in the area of ​​railway and communication lines, stairs in the west of Pardisan, west side of Payamnoor University, upstream of Pardisan town and also agricultural lands, has a high vulnerability rate. In general, despite the newly established Pardisan town, urban design and subsequent study and modification of the route did not match the geographical features of the region and the prospect of instability has prevailed in the geographical space of the area. It is suggested that for the future development of the city, the flood route be improved and monitored upstream to maintain environmental sustainability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Human phenomena
  • alluvial fan
  • flood
  • HEC-RAS
  • Pardisan Qom
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