نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی.
3 دانشیار گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
4 4- دانشجوی دکتری گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
چکیده
فرسایش خاک یک فرایند ژئومورفیک غالب است که امنیت غذایی را در بخش‌های وسیعی از کره زمین را تهدید می‌کند. ویژگی‌های ژئومورفیک حوضه در هیدرولوژی، فرسایش خاک و تولید رسوب نقش مهمی دارد و می‌تواند شاخصی از وضعیت فرسایش و رسوبگذاری حوضه باشد. بنابراین هدف از این پژوهش ارتباط شاخص‌های پوشش گیاهی و ژئومورفیک با مقادیر فرسایش و رسوب در حوضه آبریز کوزه‌توپراقی است که با بهره‌گیری از قابلیت‌های سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی جهت استخراج خصوصیات ژئومورفیک حوضه انجام شد. بدین منظور مقادیر فرسایش و رسوب با استفاده از مدل پسیاک اصلاح شده (MPSIAC)، محاسبه شد. هم‌چنین به‌منظور استخراج خصوصیات فیزیوگرافی و ژئومورفیک (شامل: رطوبت توپوگرافی TWI، قدرت جریان SPI، شیب SLOPE، انحناء دامنه، انحناء پروفیل و انحناء پلان) زیرحوضه‌ها، از مدل رقومی ارتفاع با دقت مکانی 30 متر و نیز سایر لایه‌های مورد استفاده در مدل MPSIAC شامل نقشه‌های توپوگرافی 1:25000، زمین‌شناسی 1:100000 و نیز نقشه‌های موضوعی: خاکشناسی، پوشش گیاهی و تصاویر ماهواره‌ای، آمار ایستگاه‌های هواشناسی، باران‌سنجی مناطق مجاور حوضه آبریز استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که که ارتباط میان مقادیر فرسایش و رسوب در زیرحوضه‌های مورد مطالعه معنی‌دار است. علاوه براین، مقدار فرسایس و رسوب با مقادیر شیب نیز دارای رابطه‌ی معکوس و معنی‌دار هستند. هم‌چنین میان شیب و نیز شاخص قدرت آبراهه رابطه‌ی مثبت و معنی‌دار از نظر آماری وجود دارد. شاخص‌های مرتبط با انحناء دارای تغییرات اندکی در منطقه مورد مطالعه هستند. اما به‌دلیل توپوگرافی متنوع منطقه، مقادیر شیب دارای تغییرات قابل توجهی در میان زیرحوزه‌ها است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
- شاخص پوشش گیاهی
- شاخص‌های ژئومورفیک
- رطوبت توپوگرافی (TWI)
- قدرت جریان (SPI)
- تولید رسوب
- کوزه‌توپراقی
- شمال‌غرب ایران
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Relationship of Vegetation and Geomorphic Indices with Erosion and Sediment Rates in Koozeh Topraghi Watershed
نویسندگان [English]
- Mousa Abedini 1
- Sajjad Javadi 2
- Raoof Mostafazadeh 3
- AmirHesam Pasban 4
1 1- Professor of geomorphology, Dept. of Physical Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2 2- Dept. of Physical Geography (Geomorphology), University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
4 4- PhD Student of Geomorphology, Dept. of Physical Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
چکیده [English]
Today, soil erosion is one of the major problems of watersheds and agricultural areas and natural resources, which causes land degradation and decreases soil fertility. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between vegetation and geomorphic indices with the values of erosion and sediment in the watershed of Koot-e-Tootraghi basin, which was done by using the capabilities of GIS to extract the geomorphic characteristics of the basin. For this purpose, erosion and sedimentation rates were calculated using the modified Psiac model (MPSIAC). Also, in order to extract physiographic and geomorphic features including: TWI topographic moisture layers, SPI current strength, SLOPE slope, domain curvature, profile curvature and sub-basin plan curvature, from the height digital model with a spatial accuracy of 30 meters, as well as other layers used in the MPSIAC model including1:25000 topographic maps, 1:100000 geological maps were used. According to the box diagram, the indices related to curvature have little changes in the studied area. Also, the indices related to curvature have little changes in the studied area. Based on the results, there is a positive and significant correlation of 0.47 (p-value less than 0.01) between the standard index of vegetation cover and topographic humidity index. In addition, there is a significant correlation (0.63) between waterway power index and slope. It was also found that the relationship between the slope and the normalized index of vegetation has an inverse and significant relationship (0.48) (p-value less than 0.01.).
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Vegetation index
- Geomorphic indices
- Topographic wetness index
- Stream power index
- Sediment yield
- Koozeh topraghi
- Northwestern of Iran
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