Mousa Abedini; Rogayeh Fathi Jokadan
Volume 3, Issue 7 , October 2016, Pages 1-17
Abstract
Mousa Abedini[1]* Rogayeh Fathi Jokadan[2] Abstract Today flood phenomena is one of the most complex hazardous events, every year more than other natural disaster that caused causality, financial damage and destroyed the agricultural land. Therefore, this research at first has studied the effective ...
Read More
Mousa Abedini[1]* Rogayeh Fathi Jokadan[2] Abstract Today flood phenomena is one of the most complex hazardous events, every year more than other natural disaster that caused causality, financial damage and destroyed the agricultural land. Therefore, this research at first has studied the effective variables in the occurrence of the flood, such as (slope, geology, land and ranking the run off streams). Next, these variables have been entered in to GIS software, then based on their level of importance have been given some weights. Finally, by merging the layers and analyzing them the floodwater risk zonation map created with four zones of risk including: 1- high probability risk zone, 2- relative high probability zone, 3- moderate probability zone and 4- low probability zone. The investigation of natural conditions shows that there are many natural variables for floodwater event. According to the zoning map of floodwater, the high probability risk zone is about 18.86 percent (113.53 square km), the relative high probability zone is about 35.68 percent (215.9 square km), the moderate probability zone is about 29.66 percent (179.29 square km) and the low probability zone is about 15.8 percent (94.58 square km). The findings of the present study show that due to the having average annual of precipitation 1058.7, high slope, and relatively impermeable formations in addition having circle form have relatively high potential in flooding. Keywords: Hydro geomorphology, floodwater, Karganruod basin, Zoning, Arc GIS. [1]- Associate Professor of Geomorphology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabilm, (Corresponding Autor), Email:abedini@uma.ac.ir. [2]- Master's Graduates in Geomorphology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil.
Hadi Nayyeri; Khabat Amani; Hamid Ganjaeian
Volume 3, Issue 7 , October 2016, Pages 19-38
Abstract
Hadi Nayyeri[1]* Khabat Amani[2] Hamid Ganjaeian[3] Abstract The rivers physical and morphological properties survey and study is one of the first and most important actions in hydrological plans design and implementation. The aims of this research is Tarval drainage basin physical, hydrological, hydrographic ...
Read More
Hadi Nayyeri[1]* Khabat Amani[2] Hamid Ganjaeian[3] Abstract The rivers physical and morphological properties survey and study is one of the first and most important actions in hydrological plans design and implementation. The aims of this research is Tarval drainage basin physical, hydrological, hydrographic and hydro geomorphology's traits surveying using software and statistical methods in order to access the appropriate information's to planning and implementing the constructions and watershed management plans. Tarval stream is the Caspian Sea sub basin that its drainage basin area from confluence location with Ghezel Owzan is 6955 km2. According to present statistics from 1971 to 2011 years the annual average of meteorology and synoptic basin temperature are 12.5 centigrade degree and annual precipitation is 352 mm that shows semi-arid situation of basin climatologically. The result shown that the drainage net densities in this basin is low and the number of streams per unit area is few. By considering the study area dispersal coverage and is some cases are high-density, the runoff coefficient is 0.35 percent and the basin delay time is 1.65 hours, and its time of concentration is 2.75 hours. The results shows that by considering the factors such as precipitation rate, basin low slope, little discontinuous seed sediment, the basin runoff amount is very low and precipitation of this area speedily drops down. For this reason the soil erosion percentage in this basin is so little and be controllable. In addition, the flood debit curvy changes with time passing have a slight curve that represent the basin immunity against flooding. [1]- Assistant Professor in Dept. of Geomorphology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, (Corresponding Autor), Email:nayyerihadi@yahoo.com. [2]- Student Hydregeomorphlogy, University of Tehran. Graduate Student Hydregeomorphlogy, [3]- Student Hydregeomorphlogy, University of Tehran. Graduate Student Hydregeomorphlogy,
Sayyad Asghari; Batool Zeinali; Saleh Asghari
Volume 3, Issue 7 , October 2016, Pages 39-57
Abstract
Sayyad Asghari[1]* Batool Zeinali[2] Saleh Asghari[3] Abstract The location of human settlements and other facilities created by human are affected by Environmental factors, particularly geomorphology and geology. Today, as a result of population growth, development of construction is inevitable and ...
Read More
Sayyad Asghari[1]* Batool Zeinali[2] Saleh Asghari[3] Abstract The location of human settlements and other facilities created by human are affected by Environmental factors, particularly geomorphology and geology. Today, as a result of population growth, development of construction is inevitable and the adverse impact of human needs on the ground as well as operation of areas around city and villages for creating of home and economic and industrial facilities have increasing expansion. Meanwhile, a plurality of geomorphological factors and dynamics of the natural environment makes difficult possibility of assessment all factors in order to recognize the best location for the placement elements of development. So the use of efficient methods of evaluation will be the most important measures for better planning. Accordingly, the aim of present study is using from Topsis method to locate the best places of natural and geomorphologic structure for future development of Urmia. In this study with entering of area data layers to the ARC GIS and based on topographic factors, the most important constraint of morphological Urmia, was diagnosed three sites suitable for development that proposed sites using natural and morphological components and by techniques Fuzzy ANTROPY (for index weighting) and TOPSIS (to prioritize sites) were evaluated. According to research, site C in the eastern part of the city by a factor of 0.76877 CI as the best place in Urmia is intended for future development. [1]- Assistant of Geomorphology, Urmia University, (Corresponding Autor), Email:s.asghari@urmia.ac.ir. [2]- Assistant of Climatology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.. [3]- Ph.D Student of Geography and Rural Planning, Kharazmi University.
Abbasali Dadashi Roudbari; Gholamabbas Fallah Ghalheri; Mokhtar Karami; Mohammed Baaghide
Volume 3, Issue 7 , October 2016, Pages 59-86
Abstract
Abbasali Dadashi Roudbari[1] Gholamabbas Fallah Ghalhari[2]* Mokhtar Karami[3] Mohammad Baaghide[4] Abstract Identifying the precipitation behavior is the most important principles in environmental planning. Identification of the precipitation behavior in long term period aggrades the way to local and ...
Read More
Abbasali Dadashi Roudbari[1] Gholamabbas Fallah Ghalhari[2]* Mokhtar Karami[3] Mohammad Baaghide[4] Abstract Identifying the precipitation behavior is the most important principles in environmental planning. Identification of the precipitation behavior in long term period aggrades the way to local and regional planning. This research aim to advance knowledge ahead flood management and process modeling using spectral analysis techniques based on Aphrodite database output over the period 1951 to 2007 in the catchment area located in the southern part of Mazandaran province. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of precipitation over the basin in the warm months of the year was more than cold period. Also, according to the disperse statistics in the catchment area; the largest clusters are created in winter season that represents the relative order of precipitation in the study area. Spectral analysis of precipitation data has revealed significantly sinusoidal cycles 2-3, 5-3, 5-11 and 11 and older. This cycle can be attributed to the impact of macro-scale Atmospheric-ocean. Trend line slope for annual precipitation was obtained 7.67 mm per decade. Exiting of These cycles can be related to the influence of large scale ocean-climate factors in the study area. Of increasing the role of mechanisms wetter, warmer and wetter wet latest in the basin has revealed. The important mechanism that can be considered for increasing trend accompanied by temperature increasing trend is wet-gets-wetter. [1]- M.A. Student in Urban Climatology, Hakim Sabzevari University, IranEmail:dadashiabbasali@gmail.com. [2]- Assistant Professor in Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran. (Corresponding Autor), [3]- Assistant Professor in Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran. [4]- Assistant Professor in Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
Maryam Bayati Khatibi; Fariba Karami
Volume 3, Issue 7 , October 2016, Pages 87-106
Abstract
Maryam Bayati Khatibi[1]* Fariba Karami[2] Abstract slope susceptibility is very vary to water erosion in geographical regions and climatic conditions .In recent time, losses of soils by gully erosion is serious work on geomorphological, hydrological and man aspect. Delivery of losses slope is ...
Read More
Maryam Bayati Khatibi[1]* Fariba Karami[2] Abstract slope susceptibility is very vary to water erosion in geographical regions and climatic conditions .In recent time, losses of soils by gully erosion is serious work on geomorphological, hydrological and man aspect. Delivery of losses slope is treated farmer lands. gullies -as one main erosion form- is made on steep slopes and on susceptible surface material to erosion in Atashbeig Catchment (located at 37° 00' to 37° 20' E and from 46° 45' to 47° 15' N). Runoff is delivered materials to foot slopes at short time. In this paper is analysis rate erosion and rate of soil lose at single of gully by use of quantitative methods. In first step ,is investigated condition of region for gully form by use of Hydrotermal index(HTK). Then is studied runoff property taking into movement time and rate of sediment that is delivery to river by single gully(Dg) .The results of these studies show that is vary of erosion rate at throughout of Atashbeig catcment.Erosion is very intensive in middle part of this catchment .HTK show that is favorabel land of stady area at 5 month for gully erosion. Also the results suggessted that rate erosion is high in all part of area . [1]- Professor in Gegraphic Research Group; University of Tabriz; (Corresponding author), Email:m5khatibi@yahoo.com [2]- Associte Professor in Gegraphic Research Group; University of Tabriz.
Saeed Jahanbakhsh Asl; Alimohammad Khorshiddoust; Mohammad Hossein Alinejad; Farnaz Pourasghr
Volume 3, Issue 7 , October 2016, Pages 107-122
Abstract
Saeed Jahanbakhsh Asl[1]* Alimohammad Khorshidoust [2] Mohammad Hossein Aalinejad[3] Farnaz Pourasghar[4] Abstract Temperature and precipitation are two important parameters in hydrology and water resources. The impact of climate change on these two parameters has been the subject of many studies and ...
Read More
Saeed Jahanbakhsh Asl[1]* Alimohammad Khorshidoust [2] Mohammad Hossein Aalinejad[3] Farnaz Pourasghar[4] Abstract Temperature and precipitation are two important parameters in hydrology and water resources. The impact of climate change on these two parameters has been the subject of many studies and studying atmospheric general circulation models is one of the best methods to estimate its effects. In the studies of climate change, lack of uncertainty in various stages of evaluation for the effect of climate change reduce certainty and confidence of the final outputs. In this study for analyzing the effects of climate change on precipitation and temperature in Shahrchay basin and the effects of the uncertainty related to general circulation models, six atmospheric general circulation model and 3 scenarios, A1B, A2 and B1 were downscaled by using LARS-WG. For evaluating the uncertainty of the models and scenarios, the output of models in the future and based period were compared by monthly statistical indices, coefficient of determination (R2) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the best models and scenarios for producing temperature and precipitation data were selected for the period 2011-2030. As the results, the HADCM3 model under scenarios A1B was used for precipitation and the MPEH5 under scenarios A2 for temperature production. The results of this research showed that in the future period rainfall will be reduced about 9 millimeter, while the minimum and maximum temperature will increase 1.05 and 0.87 °C respectively. Disruptions of rainfall distribution and high temperature have significantly negative consequences than rainfall reduction. [1]- Professor in Department of Meteorological, University of Tabriz, (Corresponding Autor), Email:s_jahan@tabrizu.ac.ir. [2]- Professor in Department of Meteorological, University of Tabriz. [3]- Meteorological Graduate Student of Tabriz Universit, Email:aalineghad63@yahoo.com. [4]- Climatology Ph.D., Meteorology Directorate General of East Azerbaijan Province.
Kaka Shahedi; Haiyeh Asadi; Mohammad Golshan
Volume 3, Issue 7 , October 2016, Pages 123-139
Abstract
Kaka Shahedi[1]* Haniyeh Asadi[2] Mohammad Gholshan[3] Abstract Estimation of runoff in ungauged catchments has been an important subject for experts in planning of various projects. Focus of this study was on comparison and evaluation of Clark’s model and time- area method in predicting output ...
Read More
Kaka Shahedi[1]* Haniyeh Asadi[2] Mohammad Gholshan[3] Abstract Estimation of runoff in ungauged catchments has been an important subject for experts in planning of various projects. Focus of this study was on comparison and evaluation of Clark’s model and time- area method in predicting output hydrograph in watersheds with lack of basic data. To this end, the time-area histogram was drawn by ArcGIS and the topographic map. Then, using rain gauge data and time-area method, the output hydrograph was estimated. In the next step, the obtained results were compared with the observed output hydrograph. Afterwards the Clark instantaneous unit hydrograph was also estimated using storage coefficient in order to simulate the unit hydrograph in Kasilian watershed. The storage coefficient was estimated using graphical, Clark, Linsley, Mitchell, Johnstone-Cross, Eaton, Hoyt-Langbein, Nash, Carter, Morgan-Johnson and Bell methods. Results were compared using quantitative statistics of root mean square of error, bias in peak discharge, coefficient of efficiency, and relative errors in peak discharge, time to peak and base time. The comparison of results showed that graphical method has had the highest accuracy in estimation of storage coefficient. Also The comparison of results showed that the Clark’s model had a good efficiency rather than time-area method and this showed effect of storage coefficient in flood routing in Kasilian watershed. So this method can be used with more accuracy to estimate output hydrograph in watershed with lack of basic data. [1]- Associate Prof., Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran, (Corresponding author), E-mail: kaka.shahedi@gmail.com. [2]- Ph.D Student, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran. [3]- Ph.D Student, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
Vahid Nourani; Narges Azad; Mahsa Ghasemzade; Elnaz Sharghi
Volume 3, Issue 7 , October 2016, Pages 141-159
Abstract
Vahid Nourani[1] Narges Azad*[2] Mahsa Ghasemzade[3] Elnaz Sharghi[4] Abstract This paper aims to detect trends and investigate the relationship between long-term time series of the Urmia lake water level and other hydro-climatologic parameters, including precipitation, runoff, temperature and relative ...
Read More
Vahid Nourani[1] Narges Azad*[2] Mahsa Ghasemzade[3] Elnaz Sharghi[4] Abstract This paper aims to detect trends and investigate the relationship between long-term time series of the Urmia lake water level and other hydro-climatologic parameters, including precipitation, runoff, temperature and relative humidity, in monthly, seasonal and annual scales using Mann-Kendall (MK) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The MK test and sequential MK analysis were applied to different combinations of DWT to calculate components responsible for trend of time series.The results showed that 8-month period was important in the involved trend at the original monthly time series. Also there is a significant negative trend in different scales of lake water levels and runoff time series. In general, rainfall, relative humidity and temperature time series did not show significant trends.The results of this research indicate that downward trend in the rainfall time series has more effective role in Urmia lake drying. In addition, the sequential MK test was used to find the start points of changes in monthly time series. The results showed a significant decreasing trend from 1377 in the lake water level and runoff time series. Finally, the results of Sen’s trend analysis, also confirmed the results of the proposed wavelet-based MK test. [1]- Professor of Water Resources Engineering. [2]- Master Degree Student of Water Resources Engineering (Corresponding Author), Email:narges.azad1991@gamil.com [3]- Master Degree Student of Water Resources Engineering. [4]- Assistant Professor of Water Resources Engineering Department of Water Resources Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
