Davood Mokhtari; Fatemeh Mohammazadeh Golani; Mohammadreza Nikjoo; Shamsollah Asghari
Volume 3, Issue 6 , January 2017, Pages 1-16
Abstract
Estimates of Erosion Sediment of Gavi River Catchment Using Mpsiac Method in GIS Environment Davood Mokhtari[1] Fatemeh Mohammazadeh Golani[2]* Mohammadreza Nikjoo[3] Shamsollah Asghari[4] Abstract Gavi river catchment is located in the south west of Ilam city covering the area of 460 km² ...
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Estimates of Erosion Sediment of Gavi River Catchment Using Mpsiac Method in GIS Environment Davood Mokhtari[1] Fatemeh Mohammazadeh Golani[2]* Mohammadreza Nikjoo[3] Shamsollah Asghari[4] Abstract Gavi river catchment is located in the south west of Ilam city covering the area of 460 km² where different types of erosion incidences are noticeable therefore, estimating the amount of erosion and deposition is essential for soil and water conservation projects. The method of this study is based on litrature review, field and empirical models of erosion and sedimentation estimation. Empirical model of MPSIAC whit considers the most effective parameters in erosion and sediment is used as a chosen technique and the environmental parameters are analyzed in this format. At the end the results were compared to Bajk strait sediment station. GIS software is used to prepare the information layers. The results show that MPSIAC model is a good model in this area, because as a sample, the estimated amount of sediment in the area using MPSIAC model was 20.453 tons per square kilometer of sediment per year and estimated sediment in hydrometeric station of Bajak strait is 23.460 tons per year. It was also observed that the estimated sediment in this basin is in erosional Class4 and in terms of quality classification, erosion is in high level and according to the definition of this level it can be said that in this basin the relocation of the soil particles (dust) is in a rate that accomplishment of soil and water conservation programs should be in priority and lands usage should be limited. Keywords: Gavi catchment, Erosion and sediment, MPSIAC, GIS. [1]- Professor of Geomorphology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. [2]- Master Student of Geography, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, Email:fa.mohammadzade@yahoo.com. [3]- Associate Professor of Geomorphology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. [4]- Lecture of Agricultural Research Center of Ilam Province.
Khalil Valizadeh Kamran; Shahram Roostaei; Tohid Rahimpoor; Mahsa Nakhostin Rohee
Volume 3, Issue 6 , January 2017, Pages 17-32
Abstract
Khalil Valizadeh Kamran[1] Shahram Roostaei[2] Tohid Rahimpoor[3]* Mahsa Nakhostin Rohee [4] Abstract In all of the world and including our country, groundwater is the most important resource for water supply needed. Determination of the quality of water has specific importance ...
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Khalil Valizadeh Kamran[1] Shahram Roostaei[2] Tohid Rahimpoor[3]* Mahsa Nakhostin Rohee [4] Abstract In all of the world and including our country, groundwater is the most important resource for water supply needed. Determination of the quality of water has specific importance in the management of resources and its monitoring should be considered as an important principle in planning. The aim of this research is of the determination of the most appropriate interpolation method for spatial analysis of electric conductivity and sodium absorption ratio changes of groundwater of Shiramin plain located in East Azerbaijan province. The related information are obtained from analysis of the samples involving 30 deep and semi-deep wells based on the sampling of the year 1390 by regional water organization of East Azerbaijan province. The geostatistics methods such as simple, ordinary and discrete Kriging and also CoKriging were used for doing this research. For investigation of the spatial correlation of data, the experimental variograms of each variables and its reciprocal variogram were calculated and plotted. The correlation coefficient of two variables were calculated at 0.93 according to their related variogram. The spherical model was fitted as the most appropriate model for both of the EC and SAR parameters based on the minimum of RSS. The reciprocal estimating method with root mean square error criterion and also correlation coefficient (R) between the observed and estimated values was used for assessment of the reliabality of methods. The results of research showed that because of higher R and lower RMSE, the simple Kriging method was the most appropriate method within the others for preparation of the map of SAR and EC changes. Keywords: Groundwater, Geostatistics, EC, SAR, Shiramin plain. [1]- Associate Professor of Remote Sensing, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran [2]- Professor of Geomorphology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. [3]- Master Student of of Remote Sensing, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran (Corresponding Author) Rahimpour1990@gmail.com. [4]- Master Student of Remote Sensing, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Ezatolla Ghanavati; Amir Saffari; Amir Karam; Esmail Najafi; Gholamhossein Jahandar
Volume 3, Issue 6 , January 2017, Pages 33-54
Abstract
Ezatolla Ghanavati [1]* Amir Saffari [2] Amir Karam [3] Esmail Najafi [4] Gholamhossein Jahandar [5] Abstract Hydrogeomorphology is one of the branches of physical geography that studies the forms of roughnesses caused by the action of water in the environment. Investigationand understanding the ...
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Ezatolla Ghanavati [1]* Amir Saffari [2] Amir Karam [3] Esmail Najafi [4] Gholamhossein Jahandar [5] Abstract Hydrogeomorphology is one of the branches of physical geography that studies the forms of roughnesses caused by the action of water in the environment. Investigationand understanding the causes and characteristics of hydrogeomorphology and how to manage watershed areas within order to reduce the damage caused by flood events has more importance. This study aimed to investigate of hydrogeomorphologic characteristics of Tehran metropolis watersheds with emphasis on the flood prone zones through the assessment and review of watershed physiographic characteristics which dominate the metropolis of Tehran. Preparation and geomorphological mapping and map of the hydrological response units, flow charts drawn up for Hafthowz stations (Darake), Sooleghan (Kan), Poletajrish (Darband) and Qlak (Darabad) were done next. Extended aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the watershed of Tehran metropolis with an emphasis on flood through the assessment of watershed physiographic characteristics that dominate the area. Research approach was analytical- descriptive, using library studies, 1: 50,000 topographic maps and 1: 100000geological maps, 30 meter DEM of area, air photos of the year 1955 and satellite images of Google Earth and the utilization of ArcGIS, FreeHand, WMS and Excel were done. The results show that, due to the impact of watershed physiographic features including, watershed shape, area and low of drainages length, height and steep north-south difference that dominate the metropolis of Tehran, a small distance exists between the apex of watersheds and the receiving watersheds output and short duration of time of concentration and human interventions, and the urban runoff from rainfall in the study area. HRUS map of studied catchments represents the great diversity of hydrological response units most of the watersheds, especially the Kan watershed. The maximum instantaneous flow rate data charts, showed that Hafthowz and Qlak stations have a high variability due to the flood history in Tehran metropolis, due to their situation and hydrogeomorphologic properties of its upstream watershed which is heavily affected by flood events and that will be ordinary in Tehran region. Keywords: Hydrogeomorphologic characteristics, Tehran metropolis, Watersheds, Flood prone. [1]- Associate Professor, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Emaiol:ezghanavati@yahoo.com. [2]- Associate Professor, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. [3]- Associate Professor, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. [4]- Ph.D. Candidate of Geomorphology, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran,Iran. [5]- Master of Urban Planning.
Hossein Negarash; Najmeh Shafiei; Mohammad Sadegh Doraninejad
Volume 3, Issue 6 , January 2017, Pages 55-73
Abstract
Hossein Negarash[1] Najmeh Shafiei[2] Mohammad Sadegh Doraninejad[3] Abstract Hydro-geomorphology is a branch of physical geography (Physiography) that studies roughness forms caused by water. The study area includes Nurabad plain’s aquifer within its catchment area under catchments of Hendijan ...
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Hossein Negarash[1] Najmeh Shafiei[2] Mohammad Sadegh Doraninejad[3] Abstract Hydro-geomorphology is a branch of physical geography (Physiography) that studies roughness forms caused by water. The study area includes Nurabad plain’s aquifer within its catchment area under catchments of Hendijan Jarahi which are located in Fars province. The study aimed to determine the geomorphologic factors of the plain and their relation to ground water resources and also provide useful maps in order to identify and manage the environment of the aquifer. The method of this research was statistical analysis. Interpolation method was used to study the geomorphology of the area and its relation to ground water resources of the plain and mapping them, and Perarson correlation was used to investigate the relationship between geomorphologic forms with water resources parameters. The results showed that in alluvial fans, and flood plains, the highest correlation with groundwater resources is 99% showing groundwater resources affect the nutrition. The existence of effective feed aquifers are due to permeable sediments. Hydro-geomorphology, of the area is specified through alluvial deposits and alluvial plains of condensation, and water infiltration into the ground in their role. The quality of water resources shows that the electrical conductivity in the southern and central parts (due to the formation of gypsum and marl aquifers) is higher than other parts, and the acidity of the water is 7 which is neutral. Keyword: Hydrogeomorphology, Underground water source, Aquifer, Noorabad Mamasani plain,GIS. [1]- Associate Professor of Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan,Iran [2]- Master student of Hydro Geomorphology, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran, Email:shafiei.najmeh2013@gmail.com [3]- Master of Hydrogeology
Sorayya Abbasi; Masoud Heydari
Volume 3, Issue 6 , January 2017, Pages 75-93
Abstract
Sorayya Abbasi[1] Masoud Heydari[2] Abstract One of the important issues in water resources management is the identification of ground water behavior. The aim of this paper is the estimation and comparison of two methods for potential ground water, sites by the use of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) ...
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Sorayya Abbasi[1] Masoud Heydari[2] Abstract One of the important issues in water resources management is the identification of ground water behavior. The aim of this paper is the estimation and comparison of two methods for potential ground water, sites by the use of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy logic. In order to achieve this objective 8 parameters including lithology, rivers, slpe changes, land use, topography, population, springs, wells, faults and fractures were used as information layer in the northern part of Ilam provicne with an area of 5218 km2. The final map obtained by AHP shows that high groundwater recarge potential exists in the limestone areas with high fractures. The evaluation of different overlap models, according to the level of compliance with the lithology indicates that fuzzy integrated method (algebraic sum) is mor appropriates than other methods in finding groundwater potential sites of reservoirs in the area. The method using 1000 km2 scope proves high potentials in the central parts of the map, which shows an acceptable consistence with the final map obtained by analytic hierarchy process while consistency of the related maps of springs and wells map in the region also confirm accuracy of these methods. [1]- Ph.D. Candidate of Geology, Faculty of Sciences,University of Birjand, Iran, Emil:s.abbasi1363@yahoo.com. [2]- Master Student Candidate of Geology, Faculty of Sciences,University of Birjand, Iran.
Mahnaz Bahrami; Ali Fathzadeh; Mohamad Ali Zaree Chahooki; Roohollah Taghizadeh Mehrjerdi
Volume 3, Issue 6 , January 2017, Pages 95-113
Abstract
Mahnaz Bahrami[1] Ali Fathzadeh[2]* Mohamad Ali Zaree Chahooki [3] Roohollah Taghizadeh Mehrjerdi[4] Abstract Promotion of scale informaion quantity can improve the prediction of snow parameters. There are limited studies about the interaction on in the pizel size. The aim of this study is investigation ...
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Mahnaz Bahrami[1] Ali Fathzadeh[2]* Mohamad Ali Zaree Chahooki [3] Roohollah Taghizadeh Mehrjerdi[4] Abstract Promotion of scale informaion quantity can improve the prediction of snow parameters. There are limited studies about the interaction on in the pizel size. The aim of this study is investigation on the effect of spatial resolution on predicting snow depth through empirical test of the relationship between some digital elevation models and snow depth modeling using multi variate regression medel. First using Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) technique 100 snow depth data and 195 random data were collected. Then a base DEM with 10m resolution was selefcted and 25 terrain parameters were extracted from it as the ANN input. 9 DEMs with different pixel sizes were resampled from the base DEM. Finally effective parameters on sonw depth were estracted from 10 DEMs and their relationship between measured data was calculated usnig a multiple linear regression. The models were compared by RMSE, NMSE, MSE and MAE and the results showed that the DEM with 150m resolution was the best DEM for snow depth simulation. Thus this result can reduce costs and increase the accuracy of estimation of snow depth. [1]- Master Student of Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Ardakan, Iran. [2]- Associate Professor of Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Ardakan, Iran. Email:afathzadeh@yazd.ac.ir [3]- Assistant Professor of Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Ardakan, Iran. [4]- Assistant Professor of Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Ardakan, Iran.
Ata Allah Nadiri; Fatemeh Vahedi; Asghr Asghari Moghaddam
Volume 3, Issue 6 , January 2017, Pages 115-134
Abstract
Ata Allah Nadiri[1]* Fatemeh Vahedi[2] Asghar Asghari Moghaddam[3] Abstract Groundwater is the main supply of drinking and agriculture demands in Meshginshahr plain located on Northwest of Iran in the Province of Ardebil. The investigation of groundwater level fluctuations is necessary for effective ...
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Ata Allah Nadiri[1]* Fatemeh Vahedi[2] Asghar Asghari Moghaddam[3] Abstract Groundwater is the main supply of drinking and agriculture demands in Meshginshahr plain located on Northwest of Iran in the Province of Ardebil. The investigation of groundwater level fluctuations is necessary for effective groundwater management in this plain. For this purpose, artificial intelligence methods are interested due to high ability, cost effectiveness, needing less data, and fast running. This study presents a supervised committee fuzzy logic (SCFL) model to predict groundwater level at three piezometers in the study area. For implementing SCFL model, first fuzzy logic models such as Mamdani fuzzy logic (MFL), Larsen fuzzy logic (LSL) and Sugeno fuzzy logic (SFL) were applied to predict groundwater level using precipitation, temperature, discharge of abstraction wells and groundwater level with one month lag data. Then a supervised committee fuzzy logic as a non-linear model was used to combine the outputs of individual fuzzy models to reap the advantages of all three models simultaneously. Three different criteria RMSE, MAE and R2 were used to assess the prediction efficiency and accuracy of models. Based on results, MAE values of SCFL model are 0.12, 0.04 and 0.03 for piezometer 1, 2, and 3 respectively for training step. It presents the superiority of SCFL model over the individual fuzzy models. Also SCFL model could reduce prediction RMSE to 6% for piezometer 1 and 8%, 14% for piezometers number 2 and 3 respectively. [1]- Assistant Professor of Hydrogeology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran (corresponding author), Email:nadiri@tabrizu.ac.ir [2]- Master student of Hydrogeology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. [3]- Professor of Hydrogeology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Mejid Montazeri
Volume 3, Issue 6 , January 2017, Pages 137-159
Abstract
Majid Montazeri[1] Abstract In mountainous areas with snow regimes, the precipitation is not usually affected by flood event. However, in some cases extreme rainfall causing flood events is fearsome and destructive. Despite the lack of synchronicity of extreme rainfall and discharge of floods, in some ...
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Majid Montazeri[1] Abstract In mountainous areas with snow regimes, the precipitation is not usually affected by flood event. However, in some cases extreme rainfall causing flood events is fearsome and destructive. Despite the lack of synchronicity of extreme rainfall and discharge of floods, in some cases extreme rainfall coincides with huge floods. For this purpose, daily precipitation data from 23 meteorolgical stations of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province 28.02.2001 to 21.10.2012, daily discharge datga of Beheshtabad hydrometric station in the period 21.03.1998 to 20.03.2011 and atmosphere data at 500 hfa level including variables of geopotential height, sea level pressure, zonal wind, meridional wing, omega, temperature and specific humidity, taken from NCEP/NCAR were used. The based on environmental to circulating approach they were analyzed. Synoptic analysis showed that the difference between systems with solid and liquid precipitation is in the manner of supply of their moisture. Liquid precipitation occurrence, with the establishment of anaticyclone system on the Arabian Sea is coupled. This system, due to warm and humed air mass of Arabian Sea sinks into the AMediterranean deep trough. The warm and humid air mass, the crossing of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf are strengthened and the moisture content is added. The warm and humid air mass, in the crossing of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf strengthens and the amount of moisture is added. The rises of air causes huge instability in fron of the Mediterranean deep trough system a creates flood-causing precipitation event in the high Zagros and especially in Beheshtabad Basin. [1]- Assistant Professor in Climatology, University of Esfahan, Email:M.Montazeri@geog.ui.ac.ir.
