پژوهشی
Taher Rajayee; Fatemeh Pouraslan
Volume 2, Issue 4 , January 2017, Pages 1-19
Abstract
Taher Rajayee[1]* Fatemeh Pouraslan[2] Abstract In this article, a hybrid, artificial neural network-geostatistics (Kriging) methodology is utilized to predict the spatiotemporal groundwater level in Davarzan plain in Khorasan Razavi province in Iran. The data for the study were the groundwater levels ...
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Taher Rajayee[1]* Fatemeh Pouraslan[2] Abstract In this article, a hybrid, artificial neural network-geostatistics (Kriging) methodology is utilized to predict the spatiotemporal groundwater level in Davarzan plain in Khorasan Razavi province in Iran. The data for the study were the groundwater levels of 5 piezometers from September 2003 to April 2012 which were recorded on monthly basis. Neural network was used for predict the groundwater level of the successive months and geostatistic were used to estimate the groundwater level at any desired point in the plain. To determine the accuracy and efficiency of model, the method was tested on a new piezometer (Bagherabad) at the first stage. The results were compared with the actual value. And the results (E=0.812) show the efficiency of model. Then, based on appropriate achieved results, the groundwater level was predicted in the month ahead. The results show that neural network with average coefficient of determination (E=0.688) and Gaussian variogram with (R2=0.657) had high efficiency for predicting the groundwater level in this plain. [1]- Assistant Prof., Dept., of Civil Eng.; University of Qom; Iran (Corresponding author), Email:taher_rajaee@yahoo.com. [2]- M.A Student; Hydraulic Structures; University of Qom; Iran.
پژوهشی
Seyyedreza Hosseinzadeh; Ali Ghorbani Shourestani; Alimohammad Noormohammdi; Mohsen Rezaee Aref
Volume 2, Issue 4 , January 2017, Pages 21-38
Abstract
Seyyedreza Hosseinzadeh[1] Ali Gorbani Shourestani[2]* Alimohamad Noormohamadi[3] Mosen Rezaee Arefi[4] Abstract Construction of dams and the creation of lakes behind them can lead to geomorphic changes on their edges. One of the most common changes of the kind is landslide. Dosti Dam, as one of the ...
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Seyyedreza Hosseinzadeh[1] Ali Gorbani Shourestani[2]* Alimohamad Noormohamadi[3] Mosen Rezaee Arefi[4] Abstract Construction of dams and the creation of lakes behind them can lead to geomorphic changes on their edges. One of the most common changes of the kind is landslide. Dosti Dam, as one of the largest storage dams in Iran, is facing such a critical situation. The purpose of this study is to identify the nature of the landslide phenomena, its causes, and the trends and future effects of landslide on the lake of Dosti dam. This research utilizes a descriptive-analytical and an experimental method by using IRS data, Digital Elevation Models (DEM), geological maps, satellite images and data from field and laboratory works along with observations of Earth sections, and sections of classes, and structural complications in the region to complete the geomorphological map, sampling of surface materials, mapping of sample slides for further monitoring and testing the particle size distribution. The results of study show 252 new landslides covering a total area of 123.8 acres (1/23 km). The volume of the sediment produced by these landslides which have entered the lake are about 8595433 m3 (8.59 km3). Causes of the landslide include geological, hydrological, anthropogenic, biological and climatic factors. The landslides have impacted the water quality, dam capacity and unstable domains near the lake, all of which render planning for landslide control a necessity. [1]- Associate Professor; Faculty of Geomorphology; University of Ferdowsi; Mashhad; Iran. [2]- Ph.D Student; Faculty of Geomorphology; University of Ferdowsi; Mashhad; Iran (Correspondeing author), Email:rezaee@mshdiau.ac.ir. [3]- Ph.D Student; Faculty of Geomorphology; University of Ferdowsi; Mashhad; Iran. [4]- Ph.D Student; Faculty of Geomorphology; University of Hakim Sabzevari; Sabzevar; Iran.
پژوهشی
Ali Dastranj; Omid Asadin Nelivan; Sanaz Falah; Aboutaleb Salehnasab; Shirkou Jafari
Volume 2, Issue 4 , January 2017, Pages 39-55
Abstract
Ali Dastranj[1]* Omid Asadi Nelivan[2] Sanaz Falah[3] Aboutaleb Salehnasab[4] Shirkou Jafari[5] Abstract Estimation of sedimentation and erosion without sediment statistics serves as one of the main issues of basins and requires the application of empirical approaches to utilize data for managing plans. ...
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Ali Dastranj[1]* Omid Asadi Nelivan[2] Sanaz Falah[3] Aboutaleb Salehnasab[4] Shirkou Jafari[5] Abstract Estimation of sedimentation and erosion without sediment statistics serves as one of the main issues of basins and requires the application of empirical approaches to utilize data for managing plans. EPM model is one of the empirical methods widely used in the study of watersheds all over country. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of geological formations on annual erosion and sedimentation using EPM model and GIS and the investigation of its efficiency in erosion and sediment studies. Rock formation erosion and entering of huge sediments to Taleghan reservoir clarify importance of investigation on how sediments are produced and transported. In respect to the above results, it is worthy to note that Zidasht basin is moderate in terms of erosions and sedimentation and its erosion coefficient is 0.69. In addition, classification of erosion intensity showed that this basin has two intense and moderate classes implying that considering sediment and erosion is essential in soil and water conservation projects. The highest and lowest erosion intensity coefficients are observed in Dint2 and D1 respectively mainly due to presence of formations Ngm, Q1g, and orchards in sub-basin Dint2 and resistant formations of Ekta and Ekv and suitable rangeland land use in D1. [1]- Ph.D Student; Watershed Management; University of Hormozgan (Corresponding author), Email:dastraj66@gmail.com. [2]- Ph.D Student; Watershed Management; University of Agriculture sciences and Natural Resource Gorgan. [3]- MSc Student of desertification, Department of Rangeland & Watershed Management Saravan University. [4]- PhD Student Forest Mnaagment, University of Tehran. [5]- Ph.D Student University of Tehran.
پژوهشی
Mejid Rezaee Banafshe; Reza Abedi
Volume 2, Issue 4 , January 2017, Pages 57-77
Abstract
Majid Rezaee Banafshe[1]* Reza Abedi[2] Abstract The process of deposition of sediment in the drainage basin which is the basic problems in the management of the drainage basin, has the nature of complex and needs to consider certain factors in the occurrence that can be To this end, in the present investigation ...
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Majid Rezaee Banafshe[1]* Reza Abedi[2] Abstract The process of deposition of sediment in the drainage basin which is the basic problems in the management of the drainage basin, has the nature of complex and needs to consider certain factors in the occurrence that can be To this end, in the present investigation ,initially suspended sediment discharge for days that data was not done, estimated by using flow discharge and sediment in genetic programming. And with the use of the criteria of assessment, genetic programming the most accurate method for estimating suspended sediment in the watershed case study towards the fitting curve exponent of the discharge of sediment had selected. Then fitting regression functions between the parameters of precipitation and an average discharge of flow with an average discharge of sediment in the program of SPSS 16 and modelling in genetic programming at seasonal studied. The results showed an average discharge of variable flow and suspended sediment discharge caused significant along with solidarity over 90% in most of the time intervals exist about study And between the variable precipitation and sediment discharge of suspended is established effect meaningful together with low correlation toward the hydrometric parameter (an average flow). The highest amount of correlation between precipitation and discharge of suspended sediment has been in the spring and the lowest amount of correlation between precipitation and suspended sediment discharge has been for the seasons of fall and winter. In planning the genetics3rd Brigade was used to model And according to the criteria of evaluation of the second model (The average flow of the discharge and suspended sediment discharge) Was shown The most accurate model than the models of the first (Precipitation and sediment discharge) and the third (The average flow of the discharge and rainfall with Discharge of suspended sediment). in most cases, Enter the variable rainfall combined with an average discharge of flow in model The accuracy of the model is to reduce. [1]- Associate Prof.; Faculty of Climatology; University of Tabriz (Corresponding author), Email:mrbanafsheh@yahoo.com. [2]- M.A Student; Department of Geography; University of Tabriz.
پژوهشی
Atallah Nadiri; Fariba Sadeghi Aghdam; Asghar Aghari Moghaddam; Keivan Naderi
Volume 2, Issue 4 , January 2017, Pages 79-99
Abstract
Ata Allah Nadiri[1]* Asghar Asgharai Moghaddam[2] Fariba Sadeghi Aghdam[3] Keivan Naderi[4] Abstract Water demand management and water supply for different usages associated with identification, control and reduction of water pollution for improving water quality and environmental indices are the main ...
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Ata Allah Nadiri[1]* Asghar Asgharai Moghaddam[2] Fariba Sadeghi Aghdam[3] Keivan Naderi[4] Abstract Water demand management and water supply for different usages associated with identification, control and reduction of water pollution for improving water quality and environmental indices are the main purposes of water resources management in the country. Sahand Dam reservoir is the main source of water to supply drinking, industrial and agricultural demands. Therefore, the illness reported from residents due to high concentration of arsenic (200 times more than the permissible limit of drinking water) in drinking water, show the importance of the study of water quality in the area. To determine the quality of water resources for different consumptions, 50 water samples were collected from the water resources of the area and analysed in the hydrological lab of the Geolology Department of Tabriz University. In addition, data collected by the researchers sector of East Azerbaijan Regional Water Authority for studying the Sahand Dam also were used. In this research, Factor analyzing and time series variations methods for determing factor effecting on hydrogeochemistry of the area were used. Quality monitoring and hydrochemical factors affecting water resources of Sahand Dam identify two main factors affecting hydrochemistry of groundwater of the study area which are arsenic and salinity anomalies. In this regard the main anomalies, origins and areas affected by these anomalies were recognized and the distribution maps of these factors in the study area were prepared. [1]- Ph.D of Hydrogeology, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz (Corresponding author), Email:nadiri@tabrizu.ac.ir. [2]- Ph.D of Hydrogeology, Professor, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz. [3]- M.Sc of Hydrogeology, Department of natural science, University of Tabriz. [4]- M.Sc of Hydrogeology, Department of natural science, University of Tabriz.
پژوهشی
Sharam Roostaei; Davood Mikhtari; Zahra Hosseini; Mahdi Etmani Hagviran
Volume 2, Issue 4 , January 2017, Pages 101-123
Abstract
Shahram Roostaei[1]* Davood Mokhtari[2] Zahra Hosseini[3] Mahdi Etmani Hagviran[4] Abstract The management of natural disasters requires locational information in order for prepareness against riske and perils and to decrease them. In this regard it is necessary to eualuate the occurance potential of ...
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Shahram Roostaei[1]* Davood Mokhtari[2] Zahra Hosseini[3] Mahdi Etmani Hagviran[4] Abstract The management of natural disasters requires locational information in order for prepareness against riske and perils and to decrease them. In this regard it is necessary to eualuate the occurance potential of land slides in region which is suseptable for landsliding due to its geographic situation and human construction operations. The case study locates in Dehloran city of Ilam provience in Zarinabad district with 33· 1΄ 30΄ to 33· 19΄ northern latitude. Mimeh river catchment because of having a particular Lithologic ,climate and land use conditions,enjoys young (new) roughness with high altitude variations and sensitive steep slops. On the other hand, human interferences has been increased in this region,therefor,more studies become a necessity. In the study of landslide occurances in the area of Mimeh river catchment,network analysis process (ANP) was applied. In this research some indicators like slop,slop side, lithology, land use, raining,distance form the river, distance form the road and levations were applied in order to determine prone areas. Methods based Analysis of standards in software Super Decision criteria in overlapping layers of information and then integrating the software ARCGIS and, network analysis process(ANP) and the overlap index. The findings showed that ANP has 81/69proportionate with transmittal map of landslides, also coefficients interpretation proved that raining, lithology,and elevation indicators play significant role in landslide. [1]-Professor; Faculty of Geomophology; University of Tabriz (Corresponding author), Email:tabrizu.ac.ir@roostaei. [2]- Associate Prof.; Faculty of Geomorphology; University of Tabriz. [3]- M.A Student; Faculty of Geomorphology; University of Tabriz. [4]- M.A Student; Faculty of Geomorphology; University of Tabriz.
پژوهشی
Fariba Esfandyari; Morteza Garachorlou
Volume 2, Issue 4 , January 2017, Pages 125-142
Abstract
Fariba Esfandyari[1]* Morteza Garachorlou[2] Abstract This study seeks to identify and determine the spatial-temporal variations of sediment yield in Qarahsu watershed situated in Ardabil province. To do so, the relations between sediment yield and precipitation were examined in term of temporal-spatial ...
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Fariba Esfandyari[1]* Morteza Garachorlou[2] Abstract This study seeks to identify and determine the spatial-temporal variations of sediment yield in Qarahsu watershed situated in Ardabil province. To do so, the relations between sediment yield and precipitation were examined in term of temporal-spatial variations in order to provide the estimate model of sediment load in the subwatersheds. Data gathered from six water and rain gauges of the same name over a 22-years period was used. The method followed regression analysis between precipitation and sediment yield by SPSS software and analysis of temporal variations of precipitation and sediment yield by Excel software. Analysis of temporal relations between sediment load and precipitation indicated a higher correlation in intra-annual than in inter-annual scale. In terms of intra-annual variations, except for Hir water gauge, that underwent an increasing trend, other stations had decreasing trends in sediment load. Nonetheless, the increasing trend in annual precipitation of 4 rain gauges was considerable. Results of regression analysis, on one hand, indicated weak correlation between precipitation and sediment load in intra-annual scale, but on the other hand, indicated high correlation in inter-annual scale. Meanwhile, the Fournier index, as seasonal precipitation index, can explain 65% variance of specific sediment yield in the studied watershed. Hence, the index, as indicator of precipitation erosive power, can be effectively used to estimate specific sediment yield in the watershed. [1]- Associate Professor; Department of Physical Geography; University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Iran (Corrosponding author), Email:Esfandyari@uma.ac.ir. [2]- Ph.D Student in Feomorphology; at University of Mohaghegh Ardebili; Iran.
پژوهشی
Alireza Salehipour Milani; Mojtaba Yamani; Ebrahim Mogimi; Rziye Lak; Maksour Jafarbeiglou
Volume 2, Issue 4 , January 2017, Pages 143-170
Abstract
Alireza Salehipour Milani[1] Mojtaba Yamani[2]* Mansour Jafarbeiglou[3] Raziye Lak[4] Ebrahim Mogimi[5] Abstract During recent years, with the construction dam on main rivers, the occurrence of hydroecological drought during the last decades, and high evaporation of water reservoirs, the extent of the ...
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Alireza Salehipour Milani[1] Mojtaba Yamani[2]* Mansour Jafarbeiglou[3] Raziye Lak[4] Ebrahim Mogimi[5] Abstract During recent years, with the construction dam on main rivers, the occurrence of hydroecological drought during the last decades, and high evaporation of water reservoirs, the extent of the Urmia Lake has considerably decreased. Besides, salinity rate has increased to 650 milligram per liter. According to this hydrological situation organism cannot live in the Urmia Lakes. There is a lot of information about current chemical characteristics of Urmia Lake but we don’t have sufficient information about paleo hydrology and paleo salinity of the Lake especially in Quaternary. Investigation of The Urmia Paleo Lake terraces, their evolution and changes in elevations and changes in biostratigarphy characteristics are evidences for paleo environments of this lake. Dominant shell fragments of the Urmia Lake terraces are Gostropoda, Ostracoda, Foraminifera and Bivalves. In this study, type and spacious of shell fragments are investigated and the living environment situations of the organisms during formation of each lake terraces are determined. Using biostratigraphic study results and correlation between these environmental changes with elevation changes of lake terraces, Hydrological and ecological situations of The Urmia Lake during Quaternary was reconstructed. The results of biostratigraphy shows, in contrast to the current situation of water in the Urmia Lake (Hyper saline), most of the organisms lived in brackish and fresh water during formation of the lake terraces. [1]- Ph.D in Marine Geology Management; Geological Survey of Iran. [2]- Professor in Geogarphy University of Tehran (Corresponding author, Email:myamani@ut.ac.ir. [3]- Professor in Geogarphy University of Tehran. [4]- Associate Prof. of Research Institure for Earth science Geological Survey of Iran. [5]- Expert of Geological Survey of Iran.
