بررسی عوامل موثر بر سیل‌خیزی حوضه آبریز هر رود لرستان و تعیین مناطق پر ریسک با استفاده از مدل Fuzzy-TOPSIS

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار ژئومورفولوژی، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد ژئومورفولوژی، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

چکیده

مطالعات سیل‌خیزی و ارزیابی میزان خطرات آن امروزه به دلیل افزایش فراوانی و شدت آن از یک سو و اثرگذاری و پیامدهای خسارت بار مالی و جانی آن از سوی دیگر، مورد توجه علوم مختلف قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش به دنبال بررسی اثرات عوامل مهم ایجاد سیل، تعیین اهمیت آنها و شدت اثرات هر عامل در بخشهای مختلف حوضه آبریز هر رود در استان لرستان است. برای این مهم از روش فازی-تاپسیس استفاده شده است. در ابتدا مهمترین شاخص‌ها بر حسب مطالعات قبلی و تجربه شامل بارش، جنس‌زمین، خاک، کاربری اراضی، شبکه زهکشی، ارتفاع، شیب و جهت شیب مشخص شدند. سپس، این شاخصها به شکل لایه‌های اطلاعاتی درآمده و بازطبقه‌بندی گردیدند. به منظور فازی‌سازی لایه‌ها، برای هر یک از آنها بر حسب نوع اثرگذاری، توابع عضویت خاصی تعریف گردید. یافته‌ها نشان داد که توابع عضویت خطی شامل مثلثی و ذوذنقه‌ای عملکرد بهتری در فازی‌سازی داده‌ها داشته‌اند و عملگر فازی گامای 0.9 همبستگی بالاتری را بین مؤلفه‌های تعریف شده در سیل‌خیزی نشان داد. بر اساس این نقشه، شیب‌های 0-10 درصد، جهت شیب 315-360 درجه، طبقات ارتفاعی 1500-1800 متر، خاک‌های گروه هیدرولوژیکی D، کاربری‌اراضی کشت دیم، سنگهای کنگلومرا، فاصله 300 متری آّبراهه‌های اصلی و بارش‌های 500-800 میلی‌متر مهمترین سطوح در ایجاد پهنه‌های سیل‌خیز حوضه بوده‌اند. نتیجه نقشه حاصله از مدل فازی- تاپسیس نشان داد که جنس زمین و کاربری زمین بویژه در ساحل رودخانه اصلی در مناطق میانی حوضه، مهمترین عوامل تعیین‌کننده سیل‌خیزی از نظر فراوانی و شدت است که با واقعیت‌های حوضه‌ مطابقت دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the factors influencing flooding in the Hor Roud catchment areas and identifying high-risk zones using the fuzzy-TOPSIS model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohamad Sharifi Paichoon 1
  • Leila Moosavi 2
1 Associate Prof. of geomorphology, Department of Geography, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran,
2 . Master of Science in Geomorphology, Yazd University, Department of Geography, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran,
چکیده [English]

Flooding, while a natural phenomenon that contributes to the formation of fertile plains and agricultural terraces is now recognized as one of the most significant natural disasters globally. This research examines the key factors influencing flooding, assessing their significance and impact across different areas of the Hor Roud catchment. Initially, critical indicators such as precipitation, soil, lithology, land use, drainage networks, elevation, slope, and slope direction were identified, mapped, and organized into information layers. These layers were converted into raster format and reclassified. To refine the data, a fuzzy logic approach was applied, utilizing linear and triangular functions based on the properties and effects of each layer. The fuzzy layers were then combined using gamma (0.9) operators. Additionally, the TOPSIS technique was employed to pinpoint the most influential indicators within the basin’s spatial zones. The final results, obtained from a fuzzy logic map and a TOPSIS technique, indicated that distant to the main stream, lithology, and land use were the most influential factors contributing to flooding in the Hor Roud catchment. The maximum flooding occurs along the banks of the main rivers, where conglomerate, marl, and clay soils cultivated. The flood risk map identified key contributing factors: slopes between 0-10%,, elevations of 1500-1800 meters, hydrological group D soils, cultivated land, conglomerate rock formations, proximity to main streams , and annual precipitation levels between 800-800 millimeters. The findings revealed that distant to the main stream, lithology, and land use were the most significant factors driving flooding in the Hor Roud catchment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flood risk, zoning
  • TOPSIS, Fuzzy
  • logic, Hor Roud
  • Lorestan

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 دی 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 اسفند 1403

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