Document Type : علمی
Authors
1 professor of Geomorphology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran.
2 university of Mohaghgh Ardabili
3 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
4 Assist. Prof., Natural Resources Dept., Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
Abstract
Soil erosion is one of the significant environmental challenges that leads to the degradation and decline of soil quality. This study examines the impact of land use changes on soil erosion in the Givi Chai region. The use of satellite images (ETM+7 2010 and OLI 2022) as the primary tool for analyzing land use changes and assessing soil erosion has been a crucial step in this research. The images were classified using an object-based method, identifying various land uses. These uses included residential areas, agricultural lands, barren lands, orchards, dense, medium, and sparse vegetation, and water bodies. The factors influencing the G2 model included R (rainfall), S (soil erodibility) , V (vegetation cover), T (topography) , and I (slope adjustment factor). An erosion map was created and analyzed. Results indicated an increase in residential areas and sparse vegetation while showing a decrease in orchards and medium vegetation cover. These changes directly impacted soil erosion. The amount of erosion in 2022 increased compared to 2010, with the highest erosion occurring in agricultural and barren land uses. The final erosion map indicated areas with very high and high erosion associated with agricultural land use, weak pastures, and residential areas. The increase in agricultural and barren lands and the decrease in vegetation cover were identified as the main factors contributing to soil erosion. The study shows that changes in land use, particularly the increase in residential and agricultural areas, have a negative impact on soil erosion.
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