Document Type : پژوهشی
Abstract
Extraction of the water zone in the western parts of Afghanistan through remote sensing images is an efficient way to investigate and monitor water resources and its impact on the water resources of eastern Iran, especially the wells of Sistan and Baluchestan. In this research, from OLI sensor of Landsat 8 satellite and TM sensor of Landsat 5 satellite, Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), automated water extracted index (AWEI), new water index (NWI), and water ratio index (WRI) have been used to extract water areas. In the worst case, the area of the Arghandab dam has decreased by only 2.44 km upstream and the NDMI index has shown an increase of 0.65 square km in the moisture resources of this dam. However, the surface of the well in the southern half of Zabul has decreased from 55.94 square kilometers to 17.82 square kilometers, which shows a decrease of 38.12 square kilometers. This shows a sharp decrease in the level of the semi-well. This has caused more heat to be emitted in the dry areas. But the minimum temperature has decreased from 17.47 degrees to 11.87 degrees Celsius, which has experienced a decrease of 1.95 degrees Celsius. The LST index has a negative correlation with all the indices and the highest correlation with the NWI index was -0.941 in 1994. The lowest correlation was also obtained at the rate of -0.65 related to the NDMI index.
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